English In Use

UNIT 1

PASSIVE VOICE

        Kalimat pasif adalah suatu kalimat dimana subject dikenai tindakan/pekerjaan/perbuatan; berbeda dengan kalimat aktif dimana subject-lah yang melakukan perbuatan/pekerjaan/tindakan. Dalam bahasa Indonesia salah satu pembeda kalimat aktif dengan kalmat pasif adalah prefiks (imbuhan) yang mengawali kata kerja: me- menunjukkan aktif, dan di/ter- menunjukkan pasif.

        Secara umum, kalimat pasif dibentuk oleh ‘to be’ yang diikuti kata kerja bentuk ketiga ‘verb-3’. Bentuk ‘to be’ menyesuaikan dengan pola kalimat yang dimasuki.

Pola:

        To be  + Verb-3 (past particple)

            ↓

        Is/am/are  →  untuk kalimat present tense

        Was/were →   untuk kalimat past tense

        Be              →   setelah ‘to’ dan ‘modal’

        Being        →   untuk kalimat  dalam bentuk continuous

        Been         →   setelah have, has, dan had

Cara merubah kalimat active menjadi passive

Active     : Subject    +    Verb   +   Object

Passive    : Object     +    to be   +   Verb 3   +  (by  +  subject)

Example:

Tense	Active	Passive
Simple present	Rudi helps                    Rina	Rina is helped by Rudi
Present Continuous	Rudi is helping             Rina	Rina is being helped by Rudi
Present perfect	Rudi has helped           Rina	Rina has been helped by Rudi
Simple past	Rudi helped                  Rina	Rina was helped by Rudi
Past continuous	Rudi was helping         Rina	Rina was being helped by Rudi
Past perfect	Rudi had helped          Rina	Rina had been helped by Rudi
Simple future	Rudi will help              Rina	Rina will be helped by Rudi
Future Perfect	Rudi will have helped Rina	Rina will have been helped by Rudi

                             

Note:

-         Perubahan dari kalimat aktif menjadi pasif tidak merubah tense yang digunakan kalimat tersebut

-         Kalimat pasif hanya berlaku bagi kata kerja transitif (kata kerja yang membutuhkan object)

-         Kalimat pasif digunakan tatkala ingin menonjolkan hasil tindakan daripada pelaku tindakan tersebut.

-         Kalimat pasif selalu menggunakan kata kerja ketiga (Verb-3)

Contoh Soal:

Choose the correct answer

1. Jhon has bitten the dog repeatedly

a. The dog has bitten Jhon repeatedly

b. The dog had bitten Jhn repeatedly

c. The dog has been bitten Jhon repeatedly

d. Jhon has been bitten the dog repeatedly

The correct answer is C

2. “The stewardess is now serving coffee to the passengers.”

The passive form of the above sentence is____

a. The passengers are serving coffee now

b. The passengers are now served coffee

c. Coffee is now served by the passengers

d. Coffee is now being served to the passengers   

 The correct answer is D

3. “Titi is sweeping the floor” means ____

a. The floor was swept by Titi

b. The floor is being swept by Titi

c. The floor was being swept by Titi

d. The floor has been swept by Titi

The correct answer  is B

4. The passive form of” Someone is following us” is___

a. We are followed by someone

b. We are following someone

c. We will be following someone

d. We are being followed by someone

 The correct answer is D

Exercise 1:     Change the active form into passive form by giving the right form of be!

1. Rudi opens the door        →  The door   is opened by Rudi.

2. Rudi is opening the door →  The door ___opened by Rudi.

3. Rudi has opened the door→  The door ___opened by Rudi.

4. Rudi opened the door      →  The door ___opened by Rudi.

5. Rudi will have opened the door →  The door ___opened by Rudi.

6. Rudi will open the door  →  The door ____opened by Rudi.

7. Rudi is going to open the door →  The door ___opened by Rudi.

8. Rudi had opened the door  →  The door __opened by Rudi.

9. Rudi was opening the door →  The door __opened by Rudi.

Exercise 2:     Change the active form into passive form!

1. My teacher wrote the letter        → The letter was written by my teacher

2. Khairul will invite Tama to the party        →

3. Miss. Ida is calling Tongku        →

4. His mother is going to wash the dishes→

5. My friend has eaten the cake→

6. Rina had cooked that porridge→

Exercise 3:     Choose the correct answer!

1. The matter ______tomorrow

a. will discuss                         c. will be discussed

b. will be discussing               d. will have discussed

2. The picture is not here anymore; it must have_____

a. been taken away                 c. took away

b. been taking away                        d. taken away

3. A wooden bridge ____here next month

a. is going to build                  c. is building

b. is to build                            d. will be built

4. The baby will _____by our neighbor while we are away.

a. be looking after                   c. be looked after

b. look after                            d. looked after

5. The floor _____ since yesterday

a. has not swept                      c. not being swept

b. not be sweeping                 d. has not been swept

6. The author had died before the book _____

a. has been published              c. had been published

b. was published                     d. was being published

7. This is a very popular TV program. Every week it ____by millions of people.

a. watches                               c. is watched

b. being watched                     d. has watched

8. “I’m sorry but you can’t swim today. The pool  _____.”

a. be cleaned                           c. is being cleaned

b. it cleans                               d. is cleaning

9. “What happened to your skirt?”

“Oh, ______when I jumped over the fence.”

a. it was torn                           c. it tore

b. to be torn                             d. be torn

10. Pane : This is a very old building.

Siregar   : I wasn’t even born yet when it _____

a. is built                                 c. was built

b. is being built                       d. had been built